In asthma, the immune system in our airway develops an allergic response to the allergens in the environment like cold air, pollen, dust, mites, smoke and etc. The airway becomes inflamed and swollen which makes them narrow and hence this makes breathing difficult, coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest tightness.
Steroids are a type of drug that lowers inflammation and suppresses immunological responses. Steroids come in a variety of forms, including inhalers, pills, and injections, and are used to treat both acute and chronic inflammatory diseases.
Here’s how steroids help in managing asthma:
Reduce airway inflammation: Steroids function by decreasing inflammation and oedema in the airways, making them less reactive and more open. This prevents airway tightening, which can cause asthma symptoms or attacks.
Prevent Asthma Attacks.: Steroids reduce asthma attacks by reducing inflammation, making symptoms less frequent and severe. They are especially beneficial for patients who have persistent asthma and experience frequent symptoms.
Improve Long-Term Lung Function: Inhaled corticosteroids can assist to maintain healthy lung function over time, lowering the risk of long-term harm caused by chronic inflammation.
Reduce the need for quick-relief medication: Asthma symptoms are often better controlled with regular steroid treatment, reducing the need for a rescue inhaler (such as albuterol, salbutamol), which is only intended to provide temporary relief.
Steroids are most typically administered as inhaled corticosteroids, which transport the medication directly to the lungs, reducing systemic adverse effects. Some persons with severe asthma may benefit from oral or injectable steroids, however these are often administered for limited periods of time due to potential side effects.
Steroids, which help regulate inflammation, are an important aspect of asthma treatment for many people, allowing for better symptom management and a higher quality of life.